Brain abnormalities diagnosed with neuroimaging techniques correlate with adverse outcome, but normal diagnostic findings do not necessarily predict normal neurodevelopment ( 4). However, the diagnosis of preterm brain injury and outcome prediction are difficult to perform. Insults during the neonatal period may alter these developmental processes. The degree of immaturity at birth and continued brain development in the neonatal period, determines long-term neurological outcome of preterm infants ( 3). Among the proteins that provided strong predictors of outcome were vascular endothelial growth factor C, Neurocan core protein and seizure protein 6, all highly important in normal brain development.Ĭonclusion: Our data suggest a vulnerability of the preterm brain to postnatal events and that alterations in protein levels may contribute to unfavorable neurodevelopmental outcome.ĭespite improvement in the care of preterm infants during the last decades, neurodevelopmental deficiencies remain a major cause of chronic neurological morbidity throughout life ( 1, 2). Several proteins correlated with favorable outcome in preterm infants at 18–24 months corrected age. The most significant differences were seen in proteins involved in neurodevelopmental regulation and synaptic plasticity, as well as components of the innate immune system. Increased levels of brain specific proteins that are associated with neurodevelopment and neuroinflammatory pathways made up a distinct protein profile in the preterm infants. Results: The CSF protein profile of preterm infants differed from that of term infants. The relative levels of 178 unique brain derived proteins and inflammatory mediators, selected from the Human Protein Atlas, were measured. Protein profiling of CSF were performed utilizing an antibody suspension bead array. Methods: Twenty-seven preterm infants with median gestational age 27 w + 4 d and ten full-term infants were enrolled prospectively. Our primary aim was to determine whether a specific proteomic profile in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of preterm infants differs from that of term infants and to identify novel biomarkers of neurodevelopmental outcome in preterm infants. 6SciLifeLab, Department of Protein Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Solna, Swedenīackground: Survival rate increases for preterm infants, but long-term neurodevelopmental outcome predictors are lacking.5Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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